Photonics & Optoelectronics Research Laboratory (University of Cyprus)

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	Constantinos Christofides Professor	Email: ccc@ucy.ac.cy Telephone: +357 22894002
	Profile and Research Interests
	Undergraduate studies at the University of Grenoble I, France (B.Sc. in Physics, 1982), graduate studies at the University of Grenoble I (M.Sc. in Physics, 1983), at Grenoble II (D.E.A in Energy - Economics, 1984), and at the National Polytechnic of Grenoble (D.E.A in Energy-Physics, 1984 and Ph.D. in Applied Physics, 1986). He has worked as Post-doctoral Fellow,1987-88 at the University of Sherbrooke, Quebec-Canada and as Research Associate-Lecturer, 1988-92 at the University of Toronto, Ontario - Canada. His research interests are: Applied optics, matter-light interaction, photothermal phenomena, laser-semiconductor interactions, optoelectronics sensors, solar materials, and lasers for archaeometry and art. He is on the Editorial Board of the book series "Progress in Photothermal and Photoacoustic Science and Technology", published by the American Institute of Physics.

	List of Publications
	Books and Chapters in Books Books Invited Editors: C. Christofides and G. Ghibaudo, “Effects of Disorder and Defects in Ion-Implanted Semiconductors: Optical and Photothermal Characterization”, SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS, Vol.46 [ACADEMIC PRESS, New York, 1997]. Invited Editors: G. Ghibaudo and C. Christofides, “Effects of Disorder and Defects in Ion-Implanted Semiconductors: Electrical and Physicochemical Characterization”, SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS, Vol.45 [ACADEMIC PRESS, New York, 1997]. Invited Authorship: A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, “Physics, Chemistry and Technology of Solid State Gas Sensor Devices”, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, Vol.125: A Series of Monographs on Analytical Chemistry and its Applications, [A WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION - John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1993]. Chapters in Books C. Christofides, M. Nestoros and A. Othonos, “Photothermal Radiometric Study of Implanted Semiconductors”, in Progress in Photothermal and Photoacoustic Science and Technology – Semiconductors and Electronic Materials, Edited by A. Mandelis and P. Hess [SPIE Press, Bellingham, Washington USA, 2000] pp. 110-142. A. Salnick, A. Mandelis, A. Othonos, and C. Christofides, “Noncontact Lifetime Reconstruction, in Continuously Inhomogeneous Semiconductors: Generalized Theory and Experimental Photothermal Results for Ion-Implanted Si”, Review of Progress in Quantitative Non-destructive Evaluation, Edited by D.O. Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, Vol. 16, [Plenum Press, New York, 1997] pp. 371-378. C. Christofides, Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Investigation of Implanted Wafers. Annealing Kinetics of Defects, in Effects of Disorder and Defects in Ion-Implanted Semiconductors: Optical and Photothermal Characterization, Edited by C. Christofides and G. Ghibaudo, SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS, Vol. 46, Chapter 4 [ACADEMIC PRESS, New York, 1997] pp. 115-150. A. Seas and C. Christofides, Transmission and Reflection Spectroscopy on Ion Implanted Semiconductors, Effects of Disorder and Defects in Ion-Implanted Semiconductors: Optical and Photothermal Characterization, Edited by C. Christofides and G. Ghibaudo, SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS, Vol. 46, Chapter 2 [ACADEMIC PRESS, New York, 1997] pp. 39-71. A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Photoluminescence and Raman Scattering of Ion Implanted Semiconductor: Influence of Annealing, in Effects of Disorder and Defects in Ion-Implanted Semiconductors: Optical and Photothermal, Edited by C. Christofides and G. Ghibaudo, SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS, Vol. 46, Chapter 3 [ACADEMIC PRESS, New York, 1997] pp.73-114. Papers in Refereed Scientific Journals Papers Submitted for Publication A. Othonos, C. Christofides and Efi Loizidou, High Temperature Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Measurements on Phosphorus Implanted Silicon Wafers, Journal of Applied Physics (Submitted 2002). A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Detection of Hydrogen at Elevated Temperatures: New Detection Limit, Applied Physics Letters (Submitted 2002). C. Christofides and A. Othonos, Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Investigation at Elevated Temperatures: Plasma Versus Thermal Effect, Applied Physics Letters (Submitted 2002). T. Kuzniz, D. Halot, A.G. Mignani, K.Kalli, A. Romolini, M. Tur, A. Othonos, C. Christofides, D.A. Jackson, Neural Network Analysis of Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra and Instrumentation for the Monitoring of Toxic Pollutants in Water Resources, Measurements Science and Technology (Submitted 2001). Papers Published or In Press [Review - In Agreement with Applied Physics Reviews] C. Christofides and A. Othonos, Comparison of Experimental Techniques used for the Characterisation of Ion Implanted and Annealed Silicon. A Critical Review (2002). A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Ultrafast Dynamics in Phosphorous Implanted Silicon Wafers: The effects of Annealing, Physical Review B 66, 0852XX (In Press 2002). C. Christofides, A. Othonos, and Efi Loizidou, The Influence of Temperature and Modulation Frequency on the Thermal Activation Coupling Term in Laser Photothermal Theory, Journal of Applied Physics 92, 1280-1285 (2002). A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Spatial Dependence of Ultrafast Carrier Recombination Centers of Phosphorous Implanted and Annealed Silicon Wafers, Applied Physics Letters 81, 856-858 (2002). K. Kalli. A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Characterization of reflectivity inversion, α and β phase transitions and nanostructure formation in hydrogen activated thin Pd films on silicon based substrates, Journal of Applied Physics 91, 3829-3840 (2002). [Invited Paper] C. Christofides, A. Othonos, and K. Kalli, Non Destructive Photothermal Radiometric Measurements of Defects and Metallic Contaminating Impurities on Silicon Wafers, Electrochemical Society Proceeding 2001-29, 153-165 (2001). [Invited Paper] V. Kassianidou and C. Christofides, Development of a New Infrared Radiometric Technique for Non-Destructive Analysis of Ancient Cypriot Coins: A Preliminary Report, The Numismatic Report XXVI, 59-68 (2000). [Invited Review] C. Christofides, K. Kalli, and A. Othonos, Optical Response of Thin Supported Palladium Films to Hydrogen, Platinum Metals Review 43, 155-157 (1999). G. Karniotis, K. Kalli and C. Christofides, Solar Collector Industry in Cyprus: Technico-Economic Analysis and Future Perspectives, Energy Studies Review 9, 66 (1999). K. Kalli, A. Othonos, C. Christofides and F. Tardiff, Non-destructive Evaluation of Metal Contaminated Silicon Wafers Using Radiometric Measurements, Journal of Applied Physics 86, 3064-3069 (1999). [Invited Paper] C. Christofides, Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Investigation of Semiconducting Implanted Wafers, Microelectronic-Engineering 40, 251-261 (1998). K. Kalli, A. Othonos, C. Christofides, A. Spetz, and I. Lundström, Temperature-Induced Reflectivity Changes and Activation of Hydrogen Sensitive Optically Thin Palladium Films on Silicon oxide. Review of Scientific Instruments 69, 3331-3338 (1998). Y. Karmiotis, M. Nestoros, and C. Christofides, Finite Thickness and Semi-Infinite Photothermal Radiometric Models for the Characterization of Semiconductors, Applied Physics Letters 72, 695-697 (1998). K. Kalli, A. Othonos, C. Christofides, A. Spetz, and I. Lundström, Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Detection of Hydrogen Gas Using Optically Thin Palladium Film On Silicon Oxide, Review of Scientific Instruments 69, 1505-1511 (1998). A. Othonos, M. Nestoros, D. Palmerio, C. Christofides, R.S. Bes, and J.P. Traverse, Photothermal Radiometry on Nickel (Pigmented Aluminium Oxide) Selective Solar Absorbing Surface Coatings, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 51, 171-179 (1998). M. Nestoros, Y. Karmiotis, and C. Christofides, Two Layer Model for Photothermal Radiometry Applied on Semiconducting Thin Films, Journal of Applied Physics 82, 6220-6227 (1997). M. Nestoros, A. Gutierrez-Llorente, A. Othonos, C. Christofides, and J.M. Martinez-Duart, Photothermal Radiometric and Spectroscopic Measurements on Silicon Nitride Thin Films, Journal of Applied Physics 82, 6215-6219 (1997). K. Kalli, A. Othonos, and C. Christofides, Hydrogen Gas Detection via Photothermal Deflection Measurements, Review of Scientific Instruments 68, 3544-3552 (1997). A. Othonos, A. Salnick, A. Mandelis, and C. Christofides, Noncontact Carrier Lifetime Depth Profiling of Ion-implanted Si Using Photothermal Radiometry, Physica Status Solidi (a) 161, R13-R14 (1997). A. Mandelis, M. Nestoros, A. Othonos, and C. Christofides, Thermophysical Characterization of Commercial Paper by Laser Infrared Radiometry, Journal of Pulp and Paper Science 23, J108-J112 (1997). [Invited Paper] A. Othonos, A. Mandelis, M. Nestoros, and C. Christofides, Laser Photothermal Diagnostics of Genuine and Counterfeit British and United States Banknotes, Optical Engineering 36, 400-407 (1997). [Invited Paper] A. Mandelis, M. Nestoros and C. Christofides, Thermoelectronic-Wave Coupling in Laser Photothermal Theory of Semiconductors at Elevated Temperatures, Optical Engineering 36, 459-468 (1997). A. Othonos, C. Christofides, and A. Mandelis, Photothermal Radiometric Investigation of Implanted Silicon: The Influence of Dose and Thermal Annealing, Applied Physics Lettres 69, 821-823 (1996). A. Mandelis, A. Othonos, C. Christofides and J. Boussey-Said, Non-Contacting Measurements of Photocarrier Lifetimes in Bulk and Polycrystalline Thin-Film Si Photoconductive Devices By Photothermal Radiometry, Journal of Applied Physics 80, 5332-5341 (1996). A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Multi-Wavelength Raman Probing of Phosphorus Implanted Silicon Wafers, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B117, 367-374 (1996). C. Christofides, F. Diaconos, A. Seas, C. Christou, M. Nestoros, and A. Mandelis, Two Layer Model for Photomodulated Thermoreflectance of Semiconductor Wafers, Journal of Applied Physics 80, 1713-1725 (1996). A. Seas, C. Christofides, and M. Munidasa, Photothermal Measurements on Amorphous Thin Films Deposited on Crystalline Silicon, Applied Physics Letters 68, 538-540 (1996). A. Seas and C. Christofides, Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy in the Presence of an Air-Gap Transparent Phase Shifter, Applied Physics B62, 563-574 (1996). A. Seas, M. Eleftheriou, C. Christofides, and C.R. Theocharis, Infrared Spectroscopy and Electrical Characterization on Phosphorus Implanted and Annealed Silicon Layers, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B103, 46-55 (1995). S. Pashardes and C. Christofides, Statistical Analysis of Wind Speed and Direction in Cyprus, Solar Energy 55, 405-414 (1995). M. Nestoros, B.C. Forget, C. Christofides, and A. Seas, Photothermal Reflection Versus Temperature: Quantitative Analysis, Physical Review B51, 14115-14123 (1995). A. Seas and C. Christofides, Photothermal Reflectance Investigation of Implanted Silicon: The Influence of Thermal Annealing, Applied Physics Letters 66, 3346-3348 (1995). A. Othonos and C. Christofides, Photoluminescence Measurements on Phosphorus Implanted Silicon: Annealing Kinetics of Defects, Journal of Applied Physics 78, 796-800 (1995). A. Mandelis, K. McAllister, C. Christofides, and C. Xenophontos, A Pilot Study in Non-Contact Laser Photothermal Archaeometry on Ancient Statuary Pedestal Stones From Cyprus, Archaeometry 37, 257-270 (1995). [Invited Paper] C. Christofides and A. Seas, Theory of Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy of a Two-Layer Sample, Ferroelectrics 165, 55-73 (1995). [Invited Review] C. Christofides, A. Seas, and A. Othonos, Reconstruction Mechanisms in Ion Implanted and Annealed Silicon Wafers, Defect and Diffusion Forum 117-118, 45-64 (1995). C. Christofides, A. Othonos, M. Bisson, and J.B. Said, Optical Spectroscopy on Implanted and Annealed Silicon Wafers: Plasma Resonance Wavelength, Journal of Applied Physics 75, 3377-3384 (1994). C. Christofides and A. Seas, Two-Layer Model For Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy, Journal de Physique IV C7, 385-388 (1994). A. Othonos, C. Christofides, J.B Said, and M. Bisson, Raman Spectroscopy and Spreading Resistance Analysis of Phosphorus Implanted and Annealed Silicon, Journal of Applied Physics 75, 8032-8038 (1994). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Photopyroelectric Detector of Hydrogen /Oxygen Mixtures, Journal de Physique IV C7, 511-513 (1994). [Invited Review] C. Christofides, Thermal Wave Photopyroelectric Characterization of Advanced Materials: State of the Art, Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 18, 113-174 (1993). C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, J. Rawski, and S. Rehm, Photopyroelectric Detection of Hydrogen/Oxygen Mixtures, Review of Scientific Instruments 64, 3563-3571 (1993). [Invited Review] C. Christofides, Annealing Kinetics of Defects of Ion-Implanted and Furnace-Annealed Silicon Layers: Thermodynamic Approach, Semiconductor Science and Technology 7, 1283-1294 (1992). C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, and J. Enright, Optimization of the Photopyroelectric Hydrogen Gas Sensor: Geometry and Temperature Measurements, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 30, 2916-2920 (1991). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, Photothermal Electrostatics of the Pd-Polyvinylidene Fluoride Photopyroelectric Hydrogen Gas Sensor, Journal of Applied Physics 70, 4496-4504 (1991). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Progress in Hydrogen Detection: A New Photopyroelectric Device (Short Communication), International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 16, 557-578 (1991). [Selected for Inclusion in Engineering Optics] C. Christofides, K. Ghandi, and A. Mandelis, Optimization and Characterization of a DPS, Engineering Optics, February 123 (1991). C. Christofides, A. Engel, and A. Mandelis, Optical Absorption Coefficient and Non-Radiative Quantum Efficiency Photopyroelectric Spectra of Pure Crystal Silicon from a Single Modulation Frequency, Ferroelectrics 118, 411-424 (1991). C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, A. Engel, M. Bisson and G. Harling, Quantitative Photopyroelectric Out-of-Phase Spectroscopy of Amorphous Silicon Thin Films Deposited on Crystalline Silicon, Canadian Journal of Physics 69, 317-323 (1991). S.B. Peralta, S.C. Ellis, C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, H. Sang, and B.Farahbakhsh, Photopyroelectric Measurement of the Thermal Diffusivity of Recrystallized High Purity Aluminium, Research in Non-destructive Evaluation 3, 69-80 (1991). [Invited Review] C. Christofides, and A. Mandelis, Solid-State Sensors for Trace Hydrogen Gas Detection, Applied Physics Review 68, R1-R30 (1990). C. Christofides, K. Ghandi, and A. Mandelis, Optimization and Characterization of a Differential Photopyroelectric Spectrometer, Measurements Science and Technology 1, 1363-1370 (1990). C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, K. Ghandi, and R. E. Wagner, Infrared Real-Time-Normalized Photopyroelectric Measurements of Crystalline Germanium: Instrumentation and Spectroscopy, Review of Scientific Instruments 61, 2360-2367 (1990). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, Surface Hydrogen-Palladium Studies Using a New Photopyroelectric Detector, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A8, 3980-3983 (1990). C. Christofides, I.A. Vitkin, and A. Mandelis, Photothermal Reflectance Investigation of Processed Silicon. I. Room-Temperature Study of the Induced Damage and of the Annealing Kinetics of Defects in Ion-Implanted Wafers, Journal of Applied Physics 67, 2815-2821 (1990). I.A. Vitkin, C. Christofides, and A. Mandelis, Photothermal Reflectance Investigation of Processed Silicon. II. Signal Generation and Lattice Temperature Dependence in Ion-Implanted and Amorphous Thin Layers, Journal of Applied Physics 67, 2822-2830 (1990). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, Photopyroelectric P²E Sensor for Trace Hydrogen Gas Detection, Sensors and Actuators B2, 79-87 (1990). N. Galanis and C. Christofides, Technical and Economic Considerations for the Design of Optimum Wind Energy Conversion Systems, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 34, 185-196 (1990). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Operating Characteristics and Comparison of Photopyroelectric and Piezoelectric Sensors for Trace Hydrogen Gas Detection. I. Development of a New Photopyroelectric Sensor, Journal of Applied Physics 66, 3975-3985 (1989). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Operating Characteristics and Comparison of Photopyroelectric and Piezoelectric Sensors for Trace Hydrogen Gas Detection. II Piezoelectric Quartz-Crystal Microbalance Sensor, Journal of Applied Physics 66, 3986-3992 (1989). C. Christofides, H. Jaouen, and G. Ghibaudo, Electronic Transport Investigation of Arsenic-Implanted Silicon. I. Annealing Influence on the Transport Coefficients, Journal of Applied Physics 65, 4832-4839(1989). C. Christofides, G. Ghibaudo, and H. Jaouen, Electronic Transport Investigation of Arsenic Implanted Silicon. II. Annealing Kinetics of Defects, Journal of Applied Physics 65, 4840-4844 (1989). I.A. Vitkin, C. Christofides, and A. Mandelis, Laser-Induced Photothermal Reflectance Investigation of Silicon Damaged by Arsenic Ion Implantation: A Temperature Study, Applied Physics Letters 54, 2392- 2394 (1989). C. Christofides, Autonomous Photovoltaic Power System or Connection With Electrical Grid? A preliminary Feasibility Study for Small and Isolated Communities, Solar Cells 26, 165-175 (1989). C. Christofides and N. Galanis, The Production of Electricity from the Wind: A Preliminary Evaluation for the Island of Cyprus, Wind Engineering 12, 271-282 (1988). C. Christofides, G. Ghibaudo, and H. Jaouen, Etude de Silicium Implante à l' Arsenic par l'Effet de Transport. Influence du Recuit Thermique, Revue de Physique Applique 22, 407-412 (1987). H. Jaouen, G. Ghibaudo, and C. Christofides, Electronic Transport Investigations on Silicon Damaged by Arsenic Ion Implantation, Journal of Applied Physics 60, 1699-1704 (1986). Invited Presentations and Conferences Contributions in Refereed Conference Proceedings - Selected Papers K. Kalli, A. Othonos, and C. Christofides, Room Temperature Hydrogen Gas Detection With Optically Thin Palladium Films on Silicon Oxide Using Photomodulated Thermoreflectance, X International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 463 (1988) pp. 220-222 K. Kalli, A. Othonos, and C. Christofides, Thermal Wave Hydrogen Gas Detection Characterized via Photothermal Deflection Measurements, X International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 463 (1998) pp. 247-249. K. Kalli, A. Othonos, and C. Christofides, Photothermal Radiometric Measurements on Metal Contaminated Silicon Wafers, X International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 463 (1998) pp. 286-388. M. Nestoros, B.C. Forget, and C. Christofides, Photothermal Reflection signal Versus Temperature: Study of Implanted Si Wafer. Progress in Natural Science, Edited by Shu-Yi Zhang, Vol. 6 Supplement, S-507 (Taylor and Francis, 1996). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Out-of-Phase Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy on Amorphous Semiconductors, Edited by D. Bicanic, Springer-Verlag Series in Optical Sciences Vol.69 (New York, 1992) pg. 417-419. A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, Photothermal Electrostatics of the Pd-PVDF Photopyroelectric Hydrogen Detection, Edited by D. Bicanic, Springer-Verlag Series in Optical Sciences Vol.69 (New York, 1992) pg. 6-8. C. Christofides, Comparison Between Mini-Solar Energy Stations and Connection With Electrical Grid, ISES 1991 Solar World Congress, Edited by M. E. Arden, S.M.A. Burly and M. Coleman, Published by Pergamon Press (1991) pp.458-463. C. Christofides, Hall Effect and Resistance Measurements on Implante de Silicon Layers, Surface Engineering, Edited by S.A. Meguid (Elsevier Applied Science, London, New York) pp. 555-561 (1990). I.A. Vitkin, C. Christofides, and A. Mandelis, Photothermal Reflectance Spectroscopy: Application to Ion Implanted and Amorphous Si, Surface Engineering, Edited by S.A. Meguid (Elsevier Applied Science, London, New York) pp.22-25 (1990). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Mechanism of Hydrogen Detection by Pd-Coated Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Device. Capabilities and Limitations, CSME Annual Meeting, Vol.I, pp. 467-470 (1990). I.A. Vitkin, C. Christofides, and A. Mandelis, Study of the Induced Damage and of the Annealing Kinetics of Defects in Ion Implanted Silicon Using the Photothermal Reflectance Technique, Springer Series in OPTICAL SCIENCES, Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena II, Vol.62, pp.153-155 (1990). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, Photopyroelectric Solid State Sensor for Hydrogen Gas Trace Detection, Springer Series in OPTICAL SCIENCES, Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena II, Vol.62, pp.347-350 (1990). C. Christofides, I.A. Vitkin, and A. Mandelis, Temperature Effect on Photothermal Reflectance Signal: Application to Ion Implanted and Amorphous Silicon, Springer Series in OPTICAL SCIENCES, Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena II, Vol.62, pp.149-152 (1990). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Photopyroelectric Pd-PVDF Hydrogen Sensor, 1989 IEEE Ultrasonic Symposium, Vol.1, pp.613-616 (1989). H. Jaouen, G. Ghibaudo, and C. Christofides, Defect Characterization of As Implanted Silicon by Hall Effect and Resistance Measurements, Materials Research Society: Materials Issues in Si Integrated Circuit Processing, Symp. Proc. Vol.71, pp.167-172 (1986). Invited Talks at International Conferences, Schools and Workshops (Selected) C. Christofides, 2002 International Conference “Building an Innovation – Based Economy: The European, Commonwealth and Worldwide Experience on High Technology Based Incubators”, Pafos, CYPRUS (May 2002). C. Christofides COST G7, Photothermal Measurements on Artifacts, Berlin, GERMANY (April 2002). C. Christofides, Room Temperature Hydrogen Gas Detection With Optically Thin Palladium Films on Silicon Oxide Using Photomodulated Thermoreflectance, DECON 2001, Nuremberg, GERMANY (September 2001). C. Christofides, The role of science and Technology for the modernization of the Cyprus Economy. Invited by the Cyprus Ministry of Industry and Commerce (May 2000). C. Christofides, Photothermal Science and Technology, 1997 International Summer School on Advanced Microelectronics, Grenoble, FRANCE (June -July 1998). C. Christofides, Photomodulated Thermoreflectance Measurements on Semiconductors, 1997 International Summer School on Advanced Microelectronics, Grenoble, FRANCE (June -July 1998). C. Christofides, Photopyroelectric PVDF Flow detector, 1996 Annual Technical Conference of the SPE - Polymers in Sensor Technologies, Indianapolis IN, USA (May 1996). C. Christofides, Photothermal Reflection at low and high Temperatures, 2^nd Gordon Research Conference on Photoacoustics and Photothermal Phenomena, Colby Sawyer College (North), New England, New Hampshire, U.S.A. (June 1995). C. Christofides, Photopyroelectric Theory, Applications and the State of the Art, 1^st Gordon Research Conference on Photoacoustics and Photothermal Phenomena, Colby Sawyer College in New London New Hampshire, U.S.A. (June 1992). C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, Pyroelectric Palladium-Polyvinylidene Fluoride Hydrogen Sensor, 74th Canadian Chemical Conference (Hamilton, Ontario, CANADA (June 1991). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, Semi-quantitative Analysis of Kinetic Mechanism of Hydrogen Detection by a Palladium Coated Photopyroelectric Detector, International Conference on Chemical Reactions, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. (October 1989). Selected Abstracts C. Christofides, M. Nestoros, A. Othonos, A. Llorente and J. Duart, “Photothermal Radiometric and Spectroscopic Characterization of Silicon Nitride Thin Films”, X International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, Rome (August 1998) pp. 411-412. M. Nestoros, Y. Karmiotis and C. Christofides, “Photothermal Radiometry Applied on Semiconducting Thin Films: A Two Layer Model”, X International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, Rome (August 1998) pp. 435-436. J.P. Glekas, S. Pashardes, and C. Christofides, “A Comparative Study of Two Wind-Atlas Models Application to Cyprus”, European Wind Energy Association Conference and Exhibition, (Thessaloniki, Greece, October 1994). S. Peralta, C. Christofides and A. Mandelis, “Measurements of Thermal Parameters Variations in Recrystallized High Purity Aluminium via Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy”, 1992 Meeting in Canadian Research in NDE (Boucherville, PQ, Canada, May 1992). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, “Photopyroelectric Pd-PVDF Solid-State Hydrogen Sensor, Hydrogen' 91”: Presented by International Association for Hydrogen Energy and American Academy of Science (Independence, Missouri, U.S.A., September 1991). C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, and A. Othonos, “Infrared Absorption Measurements on Thin Films via Photothermal and FTIR Spectroscopies”, 37th Canadian Spectroscopy Conference (Ottawa, ONT, CANADA, August 1991). A. Mandelis and C. Christofides, “Trace Gas Detection and Analysis via Photopyroelectric Solid State Device”, 37th Canadian Spectroscopy Conference (Ottawa, ONT, CANADA, August 1991). C. Christofides, A. Mandelis, and A. Othonos, “Infrared Differential Photopyroelectric Spectroscopies on Semiconductors”, 36th Canadian Spectroscopy Conference (St. Catharine, ONT, CANADA, August 1991). G. Lalancette, M. Aubin, and C. Christofides, Mesure du profile d'Implantation dans le Silicium par la Technique d' Ondes Acoustiques de Surface", Association Canadienne Francaise pour l' Avancement des Sciences (Moncton, NB, CANADA, May 1988). H. Jaouen, G. Ghibaudo and C. Christofides, "Analyse du Transport Electronique dans les Couches de Si Désordonnées par l' Implantation Ionique", Congres de la Société Française de Physique (Strasbourg, FRANCE, July 1987). C. Christofides, G. Ghibaudo, and H. Jaouen, Defects Characterization of As Implanted Silicon by AC Hall Effect, 6th International Conference of the Condensed Matter Division of the EPCS (Stockholm, SWEDEN, 1986). C. Christofides, G. Ghibaudo, and H. Jaouen, Charactrerization de Coushes de Silicium Implanté, Entretiens sur la Microelectronique. Journees GCIS (Toulouse, France, Avril 1986). G. Ghibaudo, C. Christofides, and H. Jaouen, Annealing Kinetics of Highly Damaged As Implanted Si by Electronic Transport Investigation, American Physical Society (Las Vegas, NV, USA, March, 1986). C. Christofides and G. Kamarinos, Microelectronics and Transfer of Technology, E.U. Conference on International Relations and Transfer of Technology (Bordeaux, France, March 1985). Feasibility Studies for the Creation and Development of High Technology Companies C. Christofides and A. Othonos, SolarWatt (January 2001). A. Othonos, K. Kalli, and C. Christofides, FiberMatrix (March 2002). Selected Scientific Inventions Presented by Industrial Journals Photopyroelectric Detection of Hydrogen/Oxygen Mixtures. A Monthly Newsletter Dedicated to Chemical Instrumentation (January 1994). Photopyroelectric Hydrogen Sensor. Sensor Technology 7, 1 (1991). Progress in Hydrogen Detection: A New Photopyroelectric Device. Cryogenic Industries: FrostBute Newsletter 2, 6 (1991). Note 1: Several others abstracts as well as more than 50 Invited Seminars at academic and research institutions around the world are not included in this list. Note 2: Two patents are awaiting submission

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